Quinine and Aspirin(Disprin) Uses

This is from the 1760s - Rev. Edward Stone, a London doctor, was strolling in the shade of willow trees on his vast expanse of land by the river in the evening. After sitting in the shade of a willow tree for a while, he inadvertently broke the branch of the tree and started chewing it - but then he spat it out immediately because this branch was very bitter and tasteless. Well, Dr. Stone this twig He started walking again and this thing disappeared from his mind.

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While reading the latest medical news in his study at night, he came across an article in which doctors expressed great concern over the rising cost of quinine. Quinine was used in those days to reduce fever and especially to reduce malaria fever. Since quinine was the only medicine used to reduce fever, its demand was increasing. And its value continued to rise worldwide.

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Clinical Trial

Because quinine is so bitter, it is possible that Dr. Stone's attention was diverted to the twig of the willow that he had chewed and spat on. I'm also some of the chemicals that reduce the fever - so he taught me to cut the willow twigs, then grind them into powder and give them to the patients who come to his clinic in the form of stalks. Eating the present powder broke the fever of their patients - (Double-blind protocol was not yet invented at that time in which some of the patients were given medicine and some were given placebo).

This was the first clinical trial of aspirin, although Dr. Stone did not know at the time how important a drug he had discovered. No one paid much attention to the discovery, and no progress was made for decades. In the early 19th century, Napoleon's army laid siege to Britain, causing a sharp decline in quinine production. This is because the wood of the trees used to make quinine came from other countries, from which salicylic acid was extracted, from which quinine was made. Extracted a substance which, in addition to relieving fever, also reduced joint pain - Experiments showed that this substance was also salicylic acid which is found in abundance in the willow tree - by the end of the nineteenth century all of Europe. And in many other countries, this medicine made from willow trees was widely used.

Treatments

At the same time, Bayer, a German company (which was in the business of making paints and was known around the world) planned to enter the pharmaceutical business - by this time doctors knew that Although salicylic acid reduces pain and fever, it also causes severe gastrointestinal upset and can lead to gastric ulcers in patients - due to being in the business of dyes. Were present - so these chemists were tasked with discovering a type of salicylic acid that would reduce pain and fever but not have a bad effect on the stomach - after many experiments, these chemists invented a process. Thanks to this a change in the formula of salicylic acid were made possible and thus a new drug was invented whose chemical name was acetylsalicylic acid and which reduced the pain and fever but did not cause much pain in the stomach. The brand name aspirin was suggested to differentiate this drug from the salicylic acid of other companies.

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And so the world's most famous and successful drug, aspirin, hit the market. By the beginning of the twentieth century, aspirin had become the world's most popular drug, with growing demand in every country. Doctors around the world Used it for treatment but also discovered new benefits - the drug became so popular and so successful that in 1915 the government allowed it to be sold without a doctor's diagnosis so that the public could have a mild fever and pain. You can buy this medicine without a prescription from a doctor. In addition, the trademark of aspirin has been removed, meaning that the name of aspirin is no longer the property of Bayer alone, but any company in the world could make and sell aspirin. Changed the name of its product and started marketing it under the name of Disprin.

However, until the middle of the twentieth century, we did not know how this medicine works - this knot opened in the 1970s when we got a better understanding of chemistry and biology and new technology made possible new research on medicine - this new research Not only do we understand the process by which aspirin reduces pain and fever, but it also reveals that aspirin also prevents blood from clotting, that is, prevents blood clots from forming - as if aspirin is constantly diluting the blood. Helps - A major cause of heart disease and stroke is the formation of blood clots somewhere in the body which travels along with the bloodstream to the veins of the heart and stops the blood supply to the heart muscle. The heart muscle stops working and starts to die - we call it a heart attack - if these lumps get into the veins of the brain then they stop the blood supply to the brain - in that case, that part of the brain dies. It seems that where the blood supply is cut off - we call it a stroke - as if daily use of aspirin can reduce the risk of heart attack and stroke - heart attack and prevent stroke, doctors recommend a very small daily dose of aspirin, now called baby aspirin. Baby aspirin contains only 81 mg of aspirin.

Recent research has shown that aspirin not only protects against heart attacks and strokes but also provides protection against many types of cancers - especially daily use of aspirin in the prostate, colon, pancreas, and lungs. Develops immunity against cancer - so it should come as no surprise that aspirin is now being called a wonder drug - such a beneficial drug is also extremely cheap because aspirin is made from gin molecules. They are not only found in willow trees but also in thousands of species of trees and plants. Surprisingly, these molecules in trees and plants also develop resistance against bacteria and viruses. Have only discovered in the last two hundred years, thanks to evolution, those drugs have been engaged in the fight against diseases in trees and plants for millions of years.

But it is not uncommon for a man to have been aware of this amazing chemical in the willow tree two hundred years ago - even in the ancient civilization of Babylon four thousand years ago, chewing willow twigs to cure diseases. Willow twigs were used in many medicines in ancient Iraq as well as in China and Greece. These medicines were used to treat fever, headache, body aches, and joint pains. The Greek sage Hippocrates (considered the founder of modern medical science) also suggested chewing willow twigs to relieve fever and pain.

So today's bitter truth is that Willow's bitter twigs have not only relieved millions of people from pain but also given billions of dollars to many companies - the Bayer Company, which two hundred years ago was only a paint business. Today it is one of the few sugar companies in the world.